It is quite nice to have in our garden several fruit species, for variety in household consumption and even some commercial purposes. If you have apples, pears, apricots, peaches and citrus, we would need a fruit that is usually well received, either for consumption raw, dried or made into jam.We are talking about the plum.
We are fortunate that most of Chile's territory is suitable for cultivation, it occurs quite easily from first to tenth regions, ie from Anca to Chile. This is due to the many existing varieties of plum and weather conditions in Chile. In contrast to peach or apricot, is not as delicate and do not affect mostly the low temperatures and humidity. In any case, industrial farming and export purposes, the most appropriate central país.Como is a curiosity, we can say that this fruit will usually require between 700 and cold thousand hours per year (less than grade and one month to 40 days, approximately).
The cultivation of the plum in the garden
First one must consider that develops and produces a wide range of soils and responds well to irrigation, it being necessary to avoid suffering lack of water.
First of all we select the species that can please us most, among which are: D'Agen, Imperial, Marianna, President, Myrobalan and Queen Claudia. They are distinguished by their different sizes, ranging from yellow to dark red. There are also some sweeter plum and more acidic, all depend on what pleases us most and we wish him the destination.
From the above, we have that the D'Agen and President provided for dehydration, ie consume dry due to its high natural sugar content.
Others, such as Imperial, Marianna, Myrobalan and Queen Claudia, are exquisite and juicy to serve them fresh or made into jam.
The plums are grafted patch or a pick, usually in "pattern" (mother tree) Plum, Myrobalan and Marianna 664 varieties, but can also be used patterns of almond and peach.
The Myrobalan is very strong, so it adapts to a variety of soils and climatic conditions, tolerating-even, excess moisture, so many of our friends prefer consulted. For its part, Marianna 2624 is best suited to moist soils.
Here we dwell on something that should be emphasized in a special way. This is pollination, since it is a very important aspect from the moment that this fruit is not autopolinizante, ie, that pollination does not occur between their own flowers, as with other species. Hence, we have other nearby plum, whether ours or neighbors.Emphasizes why not plant a single tree.
After selecting the species, we proceed to plant in the winter in the venue, prior to which we will do an efficient weed control, to prevent them from absorbing water and nutrients from the ground at the expense of fruit. Preemergence herbicides are recommended, for prolonged residual effect in winter. In the summer we will have this control outbreaks of annual and perennial weeds.
Between each plum leave a distance of 4-5 meters square, so each will have their living space to develop in good shape.
Pruning Plum
Something that we observe is pruning, which starts from the moment you plant the plum. Formed with 3 or 4 sprigs frame, preferring the open center system (cup or glass). The tendency to grow straight experiencing this fruit is necessary to remove the lower branches and select the most widespread. It is necessary to space the secondary branches so that the sun penetrates all of them and thus stimulate the strengthening, that is, the branches are strong and not brittle.
For when the tree is in production (which can occur between 2 and 3 years), pruning should be directed to regulate fruit size, tree height and the ring or circle.
In the case of fruits, it is necessary ralearlos hand, choosing for its size and leave two or three buds per dart and 10 centimeters nearby. The best time to perform this operation is when the stone hardens or fart, which can be seen to touch.
A plantation of these fruits necessarily requires the presence of pollinators. These orchards are located five meters apart.
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